Lesson
3.READING
Task 1. Before you read the manual
introduction, talk about these questions.
-What is a User Interface?
-How does a User Inteface make
computing easy?
Task 2. Make the words.
1. efnriaect = . . . . . 6. tneaitrc = . . . . .
2. nesgdi = . . . . . 7. iptnoo = . . . . .
3. npissocreg = . . . . 8.
uuptto = . . . .
4. teursl = . . . . . 9. ptekosd = . . . .
5. aommcnd = . . . . . 10. eaaadtbs = . . . .
Task 3. Read the introduction to the
operating system manual.
The
new operating system CCC
Welcome
to the CCC (OS).Review these key terms before starting your new system.
Icons: The CCC graphical user interface
(GUI) uses icons. These programs are on the desktop. They represent files and
software.
Pointer: Use the pointer to click on
icons. This opens files and starts software. The pointer also drags files to
different folders.
Shortcuts: Shortcuts are special icons.
They are placed on the desktop, and you can click them to get to a program
quickly.
Folders: Store your files in these icons.
Windows: Visual areas on a computer
screen where different programs are operating.
Minimize: Hide windows without taking them
off screen.
Maximie: Extend windows to the full width
of the screen.
Menu: Each window has a menu. Click it
to select a command from the list.
Task 4. Choose the correct answer
1. What’s the main idea of the passage?
a.
where to locate shortcuts
b.
the advantages of the CCC OS
c.
how to identify and use parts of the OS
d.
types of operating systems available
2. What can you infer about this operating
system?
a.
It comes with free software.
b.Files
have to stay in one folder.
c.
Menus contain multiple commands.
d.
Folders do not maximize or minimize.
3. According to the passage, what does the
pointer NOT do?
a.
move files c.
start software
b.open
menus d. Minimize
windows.
Task 5. Fill in the blanks with the
correct words.
icons; desktop; operating system; pointer;
windows ; GUI
|
1.
Use the . . . . . . to choose files and commands.
2.
Small pictures or symbols in software are . . . . . . .
3.
The . . . . . . . . . . . is the program
that makes a computer work.
4.
When something is on the . . . . . you
see it on screen.
5.
An OS that uses small pictures to represent files is a . . . . . . .
6.
You can minimie files and programs in different . . . . . . .
Task 6. Choose the best definition for
each word.
1.
drag a. Save an
icon; b. close a desktop;
c. move a file
2.
folders a.organize
files; b. move windows;
c.create shortcuts
3.shortcut a.a type of software; b.a type of icon;
c.type of window
Task 7. Before you read the email, talk
about these questions.
-How is Linux different from other
operating systems?
-Why should a business use
Linux?
Task 8.Read the email from an IT
employee to a manager.
From:
Brandon Peters
To:
Shirley Tomkins
Subject:
Switching to Linux
Mrs.
Tomkins,
Over in the IT department we’ve
received complaints abouot the office’s complaints. The hardware itself is
fine. The problem, I believe, is the operating system. The system is rife with
communication errors and virus threats. Then, there is the fortune we spend on
upgrading our software every year. That’s why I’m suggesting we switch to
Linux, or some other OS related to Unix. For example, Ubuntu is very popular
with users. Linux works with any hardware including both Macs and PCs.
Linux is free, open sourse and
many of its programs have a free software license. We can get Linux
distributions from vendors that have entire software packages that we can use.
For example, OpenOffice does everything that Microsoft Office does.
I’ve talked to many staff members
about this already. Some expressed concern with the interface. Specifically,
most people I talked with thought
Linux required entering command lines into a terminal. Actually, many Linux
operating systems use a graphical interface just like the average desktop
operating system.
As for networking , Linux comes
with a program called Samba. This program allows Linux to interact with
Windows-based clients. This means we don’t have to worry about printer trouble
over the network once TCP/IP protocol is reconfigured.
Please, let me know if you have
any follow up questions.
Brandon Peters.
Task 9. Choose the correct answers.
1.
What is the email mainly about?
a. the benefits of changing
operating systems;
b. how to enter command lines
into a terminal;
c. which Linux distribution is
right for the company;
d. differences between OpenOffice
and Microsoft Office
2.
What is the benefit of Samba?
a. It creates a graphical
interface.
b. It improves printers
efficiently.
c. It is similar to Microsoft
Office.
d. It lets different operating
system interact.
3.
What can you infer about Brandon Peters?
a. He uses Linux on his computer.
b. He expects Linux to increase
costs.
c. He has only mentioned Linux to
Shirley.
d. He thinks Linux has fewer
virus treats.
Task 10. Match the words (1-7) with the
definitions (A-G)
1.__Ubuntu; 5. __open source;
2.__OpenOffice; 6. __Samba;
3.__vendor; 7. __interface;
4.__terminal;
a.
has word processing and spreadsheet programs
b.
Linux-based operating system
c.
how users communicate with a computer
d.
allows Linux computers to connect to networks
e.
able to be modified by the user
f.
distributes products and software
g.
used to input command lines
Task 11. Fill in the blanks with the
correct words.
Linux; free software license; Linux distribution;
Command
line; Microsoft Office; TCP/IP protocol;
|
1.You
have to enter a 1. . . . . to make
system do anything.
2.I
can’t decide which 2. . . . . will
work best for me.
3.You
need to reconfigure the computer’s 3. . . . to get online.
4.This
program has a 4. . . . . so anyone can use
it.
5.5.. . . . . . . has an excellent word
processing program.
6.I
hate my current OS so I’m switching to 6. . . . . . .
Task 12. a) Put in correct order matching
processes of data processing.
1.Reporting – __Ensuring that supplied data is
correct and
relevant.
2.Aggregation – __arranging items in some sequence
and/or in
different
sets.
3.Validation – __reducing detail data to its
main points.
4.Classification – __combining multiple pieces of data.
5.Summarization – __the "collection, organization,
analysis,
interpretation
and presentation of data.".
6.Analysis – __list detail or summary data or
computed
information.
7.Sorting – __separates data into various categories.
b) Read the text. Make the
questions and answer. Students can work in pairs.
The
actions in a GUI are usually performed through direct manipulation of the
graphical elements.
-
Beyond computers, GUIs are used
in many handheld mobile devices such as MP3 players, portable media players,
gaming devices, smartphones and smaller household, office and industrial
controls.
-
Data as a general concept refers
to the fact that some existing information or knowledge is represented or coded in some form suitable for
better usage or processing.
-
Data
processing is,
generally, "the collection and manipulation of items of data to produce
meaningful information.
-
A database is an organized collection of data. It is the collection
of schemas, tables, queries, reports, views, and other objects.
-
The data are typically organized
to model aspects of reality in a way that supports processes requiring
information.
-
A database management system (DBMS) is a computer software application that interacts with the
user, other applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze data.
-
A general-purpose DBMS is
designed to allow the definition, creation, querying, update, and administration
of databases.
-
Well-known DBMSs include MySQL,
PostgreSQL, MongoDB, MariaDB, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, Sybase, SAP HANA,
and IBM DB2.
-
Lesson
4.WRITING
The Language of Technology
General words
device, machine, structure,
system, process
Parts of structures
base, foundation, layer, surface
Parts of machines
fan,
fitter, pump, motor, engine
Mechanical processes (verbs)
bend,
collect, combine, connect,
extract, force , leave,
located, manufacture, pass through, remain, utilize
Things involved in technology
energy ,
materials, resources, skills
|
Task 1. Complete
the text using words from the box below. Use each word only once.
energy, bending, machinery, utilize, extract,
manufacture , skill, resources
|
Technology
in use
In the past it was thought that only man could make and 1……… tools, but now it is known that some animals have this 2……….too.
Chimpanzees use pieces of wood to 3………ants from ant-hills, while captive birds have been observed 4………..a piece of
wire and using it to get food out of a tube. However, only man is able to make
use of natural 5……….such as metals, and sources of 6…………such as heat and electricity, in order to
7……… sophisticated 8…………. .
Task 2.
Complete the text using words from the box below. Use each word once only. You may need to change
toe form of the word.
remain , base , connect , fan , collect ,
leave , force , pass , filter , locate
|
The vacuum cleaner
A conventional vacuum cleaner has a 1 …………. which rests on the ground, 2……………to a vertical section with a
handle. Dust is 3………… by a rotating
brush in the base. An electric motor activates a 4……….
, which 5………… dust and
air into the dust bag 6……….in the vertical section of the vacuum cleaner. The air 7……………. through a 8………and 9………..
the vacuum cleaner through the exhaust port, while the dust 10………….. in
the dust bag.
Task 3. Underline the language of technology in each
of the sentences below. Then decide if sentences a) and b) have parallel
meanings, or different meanings.
1.
a) Hydrogen and oxygen combine to
form water.
b) Water is formed from the
combination of oxygen and hydrogen.
2. a) The experiment uses a process by which
water is supercooled,
b) The experiment uses a device
which supercools water.
3.
a) Roman roads had a foundation layer of
stone, with a middle layer of softer material, and a layer of flat stones on
top.
b) Roman
roads had a surface of flat stones under which were two layers, an upper one of
softer material and a lower one of stone.
4. a)
Pumps were used to bring the water up from under the ground,
b) Water was pumped up to the
surface of the ground.
Task 4. Read about the format of an essay.
Here's a pretty simple format you
can follow:
- Open with an introduction
paragraph that does the following things:
- catches
the reader's attention;
- identifies
the thing you'll be reviewing (e.g., the title of the book or movie);
- identifies
the author, star, or director, if appropriate.
- Write a full paragraph about
each of the aspects you want to examine, making sure each paragraph does
these things:
- opens
with a topic sentence that says what the paragraph is about;
- has
several detail sentences that prove the point you are trying to make;
- uses quotes
or examples from the book or movie, if possible, to help prove your
point.
- End with a conclusion
paragraph that does the following:
- *briefly*
restates the main ideas of the review;
- makes a
judgment about the book or movie or whatever, saying whether it is good
or bad (some reviewers give ratings, like four stars or two thumbs up);
- recommends
that the reader go to the movie or read the book or buy a meal at the
restaurant (or not, if it is no good).
