Making a presentation

Speaking topics 7; 8

Speaking topics 5;6

Speaking topic №5.

Are you a student or do have a job?

What qualifications do you hope to get from your studies?

Do you meet many people in your job/studies? Why/Why not?

Now let’s talk about clothes.

What kind of clothes do you were for work/college?

Do you prefer wearing formal or casual clothes? Why?

Do you like to get clothes as gifts from friends or family? Why/Why not?

Topic.

Describe a family event you are looking forward to.

You should say:

                        What the event is

                        Where it will be held

                        What you will do at this event.

Explain why you are looking forward to this family event.

Speaking topic №6.

Tell me about the town or city you live in now.

How long have you lived in this city?

Do tourists visit your city? Why/Why not?

What places do you think ourists should see in your city?

What is the best way for tourists to travel around your city? Why?

Now tell me about the kind of music you listen to.

What kind of music do you prefer? Why?

Have you ever been to a music concert?Why/ Why not?

Do you think music is important to people?

Topic.

Describe a TV or radio programme you enjoyed when you were a child.

You should say:

                        What the programme was about

                        When it was on

                        Where you watched or listened to it

Explain why you enjoyed this programme when you were a child.

(Дугаарыг сугалж ярихад балдэх)

Speaking topics 3;4

Speaking topic №3.

What’s your name?

Where do you come from?

Tell me about the place you grew up in.

What did young people do in their free time there?

Now let’s talk about sport.

How popular is sport in your country?

Do most people play sport or watch it on TV? Why?

Did you do any sport when you were a child? Which?

Do you play any sport now? Why/Why not?

Is sport important for people today? Why/Why not?

Topic.

Describe a person that you met recently and liked.

You should say:

                        Who this person is

What you were doing at the time

How you met him/her

Explain why you liked this person.

Speaking topic №4.

Can you tell me your full name?

What shall I call you?

Which country do you come from?

Whereabouts is your home town?

Tell me about the countryside outside your town?

Now let’s talk about your family.

How big is your family?

How often do you spend time together?

What do you enjoy doing as a family?

How do you keep in touch with members ofyour family?

Topic

Describe something you bought that you were not happy with.

You should say:

                        What you bought

                        Why you were not happy with it

                        What you did with it.

Explain how you felt about the situation.

(Дугаарыг сугалж ярихад балдэх)

Speaking topics 1;2

 Speaking topic №1.

Can you tell me you name, please?

What nationality are you?

What part of your country are you from?

Tell me about your region.

Now lets talk about computers and the internet.

How often do you use a computer? What for?

Do you lke using the internet? Why/Why not?

How didyou learn to use a computer?

Do you think it is important to know how to use a computer? Why/why not?

Answers:

1.Only about twice a week.

2.All the time.

3.Not much compared with some people.

4.That’s always for using email. I hardly ever use it for websites and stuff.

5.....for things like writing work reports, or checking my mail.

6......because I haven’t got one myself. I have to use the ones at college.

Topic.

Describe a typical day at work, school or college.

You should say:

                        What you do

                        When you do it

                        How long you have had this routine.

Explain what you would like to change in your work or study routine.

Answers:

1.Well, my busiest time is usually in the mornings, because that’s when I ......

2.If I could change my schedule, I think I’dlike to have more time for ......

3.I suppose my routine’s been pretty much the same for the last.....

4.I’d better start by telling you that I’m currently .......

 

Speaking topic №2.

Can you tell me your name?

What do you do?

Why did you choose this job/this subject?

What job would you lke to do in the future?Why?

What skills do you need for that job?

Let’s talk about free time now.

What do you enjoy doing in your free time?

Do you think you get enough free time? Why/Why not?

How important is it to use your free time usefully?

Answers:

1.because I always seem to have some work I still need to do.

2.like visiting friends for a chat, or going to see a movie, for instance.

3.I think we need to really make it count.

Otherwise we just waste it- watching TV and stuff.

Topic.

 Describe a part of the world you would like to visit.

You should say:

                        Where it is

                        How and what you know about it

                        What you would like to do there

Explain why you would like to visit this part of the world.

Answers:

1.I first heard about it when.....

2.I’m not sure where it is exactly, but I think it’s .....

3.The region I’d really love to get the chance to visit is ....

4.I don’t know that much about it, but it’s supposed to have .....

5.I suppose the main reason I’d like to go there is ......

6.If manage to go there, I’d really like to explore ..... and perhaps I could ......

(Дугаарыг сугалж ярихад балдэх)

Interview questions

100 Potential Interview Questions

By Thad Peterson, Monster Staff Writer

While there are as many different possible interview questions as there are interviewers, it always helps to be ready for anything. So we've prepared a list of 100 potential interview questions. Will you face them all? We pray no interviewer would be that cruel. Will you face a few? Probably. Will you be well-served by being ready even if you're not asked these exact questions? Absolutely.  

Basic Interview Questions:

• Tell me about yourself.
• What are your strengths?
• What are your weaknesses?
• Why do you want this job?
• Where would you like to be in your career five years from now?
• What's your ideal company?
• What attracted you to this company?
• Why should we hire you?
• What did you like least about your last job?
• When were you most satisfied in your job?
• What can you do for us that other candidates can't? 
• What were the responsibilities of your last position?  
• Why are you leaving your present job?
• What do you know about this industry?  
• What do you know about our company? 
• Are you willing to relocate?  
• Do you have any questions for me?

Behavioral Interview Questions:

• What was the last project you headed up, and what was its outcome? 
• Give me an example of a time that you felt you went above and beyond the call of duty at work. 
• Can you describe a time when your work was criticized? 
• Have you ever been on a team where someone was not pulling their own weight? How did you handle it? 
• Tell me about a time when you had to give someone difficult feedback. How did you handle it? 
• What is your greatest failure, and what did you learn from it? 
• What irritates you about other people, and how do you deal with it? 
• If I were your supervisor and asked you to do something that you disagreed with, what would you do?
• What was the most difficult period in your life, and how did you deal with it? 
• Give me an example of a time you did something wrong. How did you handle it? 
• What irritates you about other people, and how do you deal with it? 
• Tell me about a time where you had to deal with conflict on the job. 
• If you were at a business lunch and you ordered a rare steak and they brought it to you well done, what would you do? 
• If you found out your company was doing something against the law, like fraud, what would you do? 
• What assignment was too difficult for you, and how did you resolve the issue? 
• What's the most difficult decision you've made in the last two years and how did you come to that decision?
• Describe how you would handle a situation if you were required to finish multiple tasks by the end of the day, and there was no conceivable way that you could finish them. 

Salary Questions:

• What salary are you seeking?
• What's your salary history?
• If I were to give you this salary you requested but let you write your job description for the next year, what would it say?

Career Development Questions:

• What are you looking for in terms of career development? 
• How do you want to improve yourself in the next year?
• What kind of goals would you have in mind if you got this job? 
• If I were to ask your last supervisor to provide you additional training or exposure, what would she suggest?

Getting Started Questions:

• How would you go about establishing your credibility quickly with the team?
• How long will it take for you to make a significant contribution?
• What do you see yourself doing within the first 30 days of this job?
• If selected for this position, can you describe your strategy for the first 90 days?

More About You:

• How would you describe your work style? 
• What would be your ideal working environment? 
• What do you look for in terms of culture -- structured or entrepreneurial? 
• Give examples of ideas you've had or implemented.
• What techniques and tools do you use to keep yourself organized?   
• If you had to choose one, would you consider yourself a big-picture person or a detail-oriented person?  
• Tell me about your proudest achievement.  
• Who was your favorite manager and why?  
• What do you think of your previous boss? 
• Was there a person in your career who really made a difference? 
• What kind of personality do you work best with and why?  
• What are you most proud of? 
• What do you like to do?  
• What are your lifelong dreams?  
• What do you ultimately want to become? 
• What is your personal mission statement?   
• What are three positive things your last boss would say about you?  
• What negative thing would your last boss say about you? 
• What three character traits would your friends use to describe you? 
• What are three positive character traits you don't have?  
• If you were interviewing someone for this position, what traits would you look for?  
• List five words that describe your character.   
• Who has impacted you most in your career and how? 
• What is your greatest fear? 
• What is your biggest regret and why?   
• What's the most important thing you learned in school? 
• Why did you choose your major?  
• What will you miss about your present/last job?  
• What is your greatest achievement outside of work?  
• What are the qualities of a good leader? A bad leader?  
• Do you think a leader should be feared or liked?     
• How do you feel about taking no for an answer?  
• How would you feel about working for someone who knows less than you? 
• How do you think I rate as an interviewer? 
• Tell me one thing about yourself you wouldn't want me to know.  
• Tell me the difference between good and exceptional.  
• What kind of car do you drive? 
• There's no right or wrong answer, but if you could be anywhere in the world right now, where would you be? 
• What's the last book you read?  
• What magazines do you subscribe to? 
• What's the best movie you've seen in the last year?  
• What would you do if you won the lottery? 
• Who are your heroes?
• What do you like to do for fun? 
• What do you do in your spare time? 
• What is your favorite memory from childhood?                                                                                                                                                  

http://career-advice.monster.com/job-interview/interview-questions/100-potential-interview-questions/article.aspx  
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X1KY5xcfRvY&feature=relmfu

http://jobsearch.about.com/od/interviewquestionsanswers/a/interviewquest.htm
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FLgf_Ti5F_8&feature=related 
http://www.wisebread.com/how-to-answer-23-of-the-most-common-interview-questions

Writing an essay

1. The Structure of an Essay

           Your essay should start with an introductory paragraph. There are actually many different ways to begin an essay; therefore, the format of the introductory paragraph is flexible. Often, essays begin with a general introductory statement. This statement could be an anecdote, description, striking statistic, a fact that will lead to your thesis, etc. Beginning this way, you will use the first few sentences to prepare, or "lay the groundwork" for your thesis, and use the last sentence of the first paragraph to present your thesis. However, your thesis statement can be anywhere in your introduction. In a longer essay, you can even wait to present your thesis until the second paragraph or later. Also for a longer essay, you should begin to introduce a few supporting ideas in the first couple of paragraphs. These supporting ideas should be the topics that you will discuss in full in your body paragraphs. For a short essay, presenting supporting ideas during the introduction is optional.

         Your second paragraph generally begins the body of the paper. (For a longer paper, the body of the paper may not begin until the third paragraph or later). This paragraph should begin with a topic sentence that introduces the first supporting idea (the support for your thesis). You should use the middle of the paragraph to discuss your support, give examples, and analyze the significance of these examples. Your last sentence of the body paragraph could be used to draw a conclusion for that supporting idea, or to transition into the next paragraph.

          Your next two body paragraphs should follow the same format as your first body paragraph. They should each have a separate topic sentence and supporting ideas, but the three paragraphs should work together to prove your thesis. If you are writing a longer paper, you will have more than three body paragraphs, but they should all follow this format.

       The form of your conclusion, like your introduction, is flexible. One good way to conclude a paper is to begin the last paragraph with a statement that reflects on what has been stated and proved, without repeating it exactly. Then you should briefly restate your key points to gently remind the reader how well you proved your thesis. Your conclusion should end with a statement or idea that leaves a strong impression and provokes further thought.

2. The essay

          To define the essay briefly, one can say that it is a piece of writing usually short (3 to 10 pages), written in prose, and that may be on any subject. The essay is generally based on other people's statements. In the essay you can include your personal opinion, and some examples to illustrate your point of view. It is written about one topic, just as a paragraph is. However, the topic of an essay is too long and too complex to discuss it in one paragraph. Therefore, you must divide the topic into several paragraphs, one for each major point. In general, essays have three basic parts: introduction, body and conclusion.

1. The Introduction

It is the first section of your essay. This makes it extremely important, because first impressions are often lasting ones. It consists of two parts: a few general statements about your subject to attract your reader's attention, and a thesis statement, that states the specific subdivisions of your topic and/or the "plan" of your paper. The introduction then, begins with remarks to interest people. As it progresses, it should present general ideas or facts to orient the reader. Then, it will narrow its focus, and move from general to specific facts smoothly and logically.

2. The body Paragraphs

They are the longest section of you essay. In a short essay there are usually three body paragraphs, each one considering in detail one aspect of the essay's controlling idea. This is called a three-point essay. At the beginning of each of your support paragraphs, there is a topic sentence that tells what the rest of your text is going to be about. This sentence should direct your readers back to the controlling idea and indicate which aspect of it you are going to discuss. Once you present your topic, you need details and facts to support it. It is not enough to state your position; your reader needs to be convinced that your point of view is valid an accurate. There is not any rule that determines how long a body paragraph should be. The more relevant detail you can bring in to support each of your topic sentence, the clearer your points will be.

3. The Conclusion

The ideas in this part must be consistent with the rest of your essay. In it, you should restate the controlling idea. This restatement is usually more effective when it is located at the beginning of the conclusion. It reminds your public about the major points you were trying to make, and it indicates your essay is about to end. Many writers like to end their conclusion with a final emphatic sentence. This strong closing statement will make your readers think about the implications of what you wrote. You do not introduce your points in your conclusion. 

How to make a presentation

 Advice on how to make a presentation

Start preparing early; don't wait until the last few days to prepare

• prepare it early, let it rest a little bit and come back to it
• practice your entire presentation-including your slides
• if you can practice it before a group of colleagues or friends

Think about Your Audience:

•   who are they and why are they here;
•   what are their interests;
•   what do they know; what do they want to know; what is a worthwhile investment in their time

Be clear about your purpose:

• are you informing or persuading;
• tell them what you are going to do, tell them, tell them what you told them;
• what do you want the audience to know, feel, or believe afterwards

Use an Effective Introduction:

•   orient the audience; explain why it is important; set the tone,
•   establish a relationship between the speaker and the audience; establish credibility;
•   avoid weak introductions such as apologies, jokes, rhetorical questions

Organize your presentation clearly and simply:

• Prioritize topics and allocate time accordingly
• stick to only 3-5 main points;
• have a well thought pattern (examples are problem/solution, chronological, cause and effect, topical); use transitions to move smoothly from one point to the next

Use supporting materials to flesh out main points

• Use examples, statistics, expert opinions, anecdotes

Compose for the Ear, not for the Eye:

•  use simple words, simple sentences, markers, repetition, images, personal language ("You" and "I")

Create an Effective Conclusion:

• summarize, set final image, provide closure; don't trail off, don't use trite phrases
• don't just present data or summarized results and leave the audience to draw its own conclusions
• you have had much more time to work with your information than your audience; share your insight and understanding and tell them what you've concluded from your work

Sound spontaneous, conversational, enthusiastic

• use key phrases in your notes so you don't have to read, use the overhead instead of notes;
• vary volume, don't be afraid of silence, don't use fillers like "um"...
• Practice, Practice, Practice

Use Body Language Effectively:

•   relaxed gestures, eye contact; don't play with a pen or pointer,

• don't block visual aids

Use Visual Aids to Enhance the Message:

• you will probably need to use overhead transparancies in your presentation but to be effective, they must be designed and used properly
• use visuals to reinforce and clarify, not overwhelm;
• keep visual aids uncluttered; use titles to guide the audience
• if you use tapes or disks, make sure the equipment is compatible

Analyze the Environment:

• check out size of room, placement of chairs, time of day, temperature, distractions
• check out AV equipment ahead of time; have a spare bulb

Cope with Stage Fright by Remembering: it's normal; it can be helpful, everyone feels it.  

Engleberg (1994) proposes a 7 P approach to the principles of public speaking. 

 You might find these helpful.

Purpose:- Why are you speaking? What do you want audience members to know, think, believe, or do as a result of your presentation
People : Who is your audience? How do the characteristics, skills, opinions, and behaviors of your audience affect your purpose
Place: Why are you speaking to this group now and in this place? How can you plan and adapt to the logistics of this place. How can you use visual aids to help you achieve your purpose
Preparation: Where and how can you find good ideas and information for your speech? How much and what kind of supporting materials do you need.
Planning: Is there a natural order to the ideas and information you will use? What are the most effective ways to organize your speech in order to adapt it to the purpose, people, place, etc.
Personality: How do you become associated with your message in a positive way? What can you do to demonstrate your competence, charisma, and character to the audience?
Performance: What form of delivery is best suited to the purpose of your speech. What delivery techniques will make your presentation more effective. How should you practice?