Unit 7

Lesson 3. READING 

Task 1.  Fill in the blanks.

website;         a public Internet Protocol (IP); Information security;     data.

1.. . . . . . . is the practice of preventing unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, inspection, recording or destruction of information. It is a general term that can be used regardless of the form the 2. . . . . may take (e.g. electronic, physical).  A (. . . . .is a collection of related web pages, including multimedia content, typically identified with a common domain name, and published on at least one web server.  A web site may be accessible via  4. . . . . . network, such as the Internet, or a private local area network (LAN), by referencing a uniform resource locator (URL) that identifies the site.

Task 2. Before you read the passage, talk about these questions.

-How do people access the Internet?

-What type of Internet connection is best to businesses?

Task 3. Read the notification from the Internet service provider.

Dear Mindeye Customer,

Last week, Websurf Internet purchased Mindeye Communications. Starting next week we will be your ISP.

            This new relationship has many benefits. First, you receive a free download of our exclusive VirusWatch 9.0 antivirus software to protect your computer. We’re also building all-new T-3 lines to accomodate new customers. This means greater bandwidth for broadband and T-1 users.

            Unfortunately, we’re discounting dial-up service. But we are upgrading to DSL. Turn in your old modem to us to receive a new DSL modem free of charge. 

            You also receive our award-winning technical support. We’ll help you set up your wireless router to bring Wi-Fi to your household. We can even help recover your password you forget.

            You’ll also have access to WebSurf hotspots. You can find them at selected airports, restaurants and coffee shops. All you need is a valid WebSurf account.

            We look forward to providing you with the world’s best Internet service.

Sincerely,

Gina Matson

Customer Relations, WebSurf Internet

Task 5. Choose the correct answers

   1. What is this notice about?

a. Mindeye’s plan to buy WebSurf

b. what WebSurf offers to new  customers

c. WebSurf offering free wireless routers

d. troubleshootiing Internet access issues

   2. Which service does WebSurf  NOT offer?

a. tech support                         b. dial-up Internet

c. hotspot access                      d. broadband Internet access

   3. What can you infer from the notice?

a. Anyone can use WebSurf hotspots.

b. More people use T-1 than broadband.

c. WebSurf expects to retain Mindeye customers.

d. Mindeye offers its customers more service.

Task 6. Match the words with the definitions.

1.T-1;     2.Wi-Fi;    3.dial-up;     4.modem;     5.broadband

A. __an Internet connection using wireless signals

            B. __an Internet connection using regular phone lines

            C. __a device that sends information over phone lines

            D. __lines that allow many users to connect to the Internet.

            E. __a system allowing the transfer of large amounts of data.

Task 7. Fill in the blanks with the correct words.

antivirus software;    hotspot;   ISP;   upgrade; wireless router;          DSL;      T-3

1.  The  coffee shop has a/an  . . . . . . . so customers can go online.

2.  A . . . . . . . connection only requires a phone line to work.

3.  Contact your . . . . . . . to get in touch with tech support.

4.  . . . . . . . my service because I need more bandwidth.

5.  Using . . . . . . . protects your computer.

6.  You need a/an  . . . . . . . to get a Wi-Fi network.

7. The new . . . . . . . lines offer greater bandwidth.

Task 8. Work in pairs. One student translates the word said by another student. And say what parts of speech they are and what other noun/ adjective/ verb forms are.

add-in . . . .

basic  . . . .

bridge  . . . .

build . . . .

cabling . . . .

card . . . .

consequently . . . .

convention . . . .

define  . . . .

design . . . .

destination . . . .

double  . . . .

driver  . . . .

enhance . . . .

expansion  . . . .

external  . . . .

full-duplex  . . . .

fundamental . . . .

gadgets  . . . .

half-duplex . . . .

handheld  . . . .

icon . . . .

identical . . . .

in-built . . . .

instruction . . . .

interconnect . . . .

internal  . . . .

ISP  . . . .

layer . . . .

line . . . .

linkage  . . . .

manner  . . . .

mode . . . .

multiple . . . .

operate . . . .

packet . . . .

pair  . . . .

pathway  . . . .

performance  . . . .

physical  . . . .

point . . . .

proprietary . . . .

protocol  . . . .

segment . . . .

serial  . . . .

signal . . . .

simultaneously. . .

transmit  . . . .

treat . . . .

twisted...  

Task 9. Reading task.  Read about “What are network devices?”  and talk about the difference between these devices.

HUB

Hub is one of the basic icons of networking devices which works at physical layer and hence connect networking devices physically together. Hubs are fundamentally used in networks that use twisted pair cabling to connect devices. They are designed to transmit the packets to the other appended devices without altering any of the transmitted packets received. They act as pathways to direct electrical signals to travel along. They transmit the information regardless of the fact if data packet is destined for the device connected or not.

Switches

Switches are the linkage points of an Ethernet network. Just as in hub, devices in switches are connected to them through twisted pair cabling. But the difference shows up in the manner both the devices; hub and a switch treat the data they receive. Hub works by sending the data to all the ports on the device whereas a switch transfers it only to that port which is connected to the destination device.  A switch does so by having an in-built learning of the MAC address of the devices connected to it. Since the transmission of data signals are well defined in a switch hence the network performance is consequently enhanced. Switches operate in full-duplex mode where devices can send and receive data from the switch at the simultaneously unlike in half-duplex mode. The transmission speed in switches is double than in Ethernet hub transferring a 20Mbps connection into 30Mbps and a 200Mbps connection to become 300Mbps.

Bridges

A bridge is a computer networking device that builds the connection with the other bridge networks which use the same protocol. It works at the Data Link layer of the OSI Model and connects the different networks together and develops communication between them. It connects two local-area networks; two physical LANs into larger logical LAN or two segments of the same LAN that use the same protocol.

Network protocols

Network protocols define a language of instructions and conventions for communication between the network devices. It is essential that a networked computer must have one or more protocol drivers. Usually, for two computers to interconnect on a network, they must use identical protocols. At times, a computer is designed to use multiple protocols. Network protocols like HTTP, TCP/IP offer a basis on which much of the Internet stands.

ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network)

ISDN are used to send over graphic or audio data files. It is a WAN technology that can be used in place of a dial up link. The accessibility of ISDN depends upon the provision of the service by the service provider, the quality of the line set up to your area. It surely provides higher speed than a modem and has the capability to pick up the line and drop it considerably at a faster rate.  ISDN can create numerous communication routes on a single line.

Modems

Modem is a device which converts the computer-generated digital signals of a computer into analog signals to enable their travelling via phone lines. The ‘modulator-demodulator’ or modem can be used as a dial up for LAN or to connect to an ISP. Modems can be both external, as in the device which connects to the USB or the serial port of a computer, or proprietary devices for handheld gadgets and other devices, as well as internal; in the form of add-in expansion cards for computers and PCMCIA cards for laptops.

Task 10. Match the columns to make correct collocations. Translate into Mongolian and explain using their definition and glossary.

            a)         1. Physical ___                        a.provider

2. linkage  ___             b.layer

3. dial up ___              c.driver

                        4. service ___              d.point            

                        5. protocol ___                        e.link

            b)         1. serial ___                 a.protocol

2. handheld ___                       b.port

                        3. communication ___ c.device

                        4. multiple ___                        d.gadget

                        5. proprietary ___        e.route

Task  11. Make the sentences.

1.They / to transmit / are designed/ to the other / the packets /appended     devices . . .

2.in full-duplex mode /operate/ Switches/ where/ can /devices / send and receive / at the simultaneously / data from the switch . . . . . . . . .  .

3. on a network, / Usually,/ to interconnect / for two computers / they / identical protocols./ must use . . . . . . . . . .

4. accessibility / The/ of ISDN/ the provision /  by the service provider . / of the service  / depends upon  . . . . . . . . . .

5. as a dial up / can be used / The modem / to an ISP./  for LAN /or to connect  ...

           

Task  12. Answer the questions.

1. What is HUB? What are they used for?

2. What is switch?  What is the difference between HUB and

            switch?

3. What is the bridge? How does it build connection?

4. What is network protocol? What network protocol do you know?

5. Where are ISDN used? What’s the advantage?

6. Where is modem used? What types do modems have?